《雅思考试真题优秀18篇》
8。22雅思考试整体来看，大家的吐槽主要集中在大作文部分。虽然是老生常谈的环境问题，但它硬生生考出了新意。不少同学都反映不知道该如何下笔。今天小编给大家整理了8。22雅思考试真题，我们一起来看看吧！
雅思考试历年真题 1
In my opinion, an egalitarian society is one in which everyone has the same rights and the same opportunities. I completely agree that people can achieve more in this kind of society.
Education is an important factor with regard to personal success in life. I believe that all children should have access to free schooling, and higher education should be either free or affordable for all those who chose to pursue a university degree. In a society without free schooling or affordable higher education, only children and young adults from wealthier families would have access to the best learning opportunities, and they would therefore be better prepared for the job market. This kind of inequality would ensure the success of some but harm the prospects of others.
I would argue that equal rights and opportunities are not in conflict with people’s freedom to succeed or fail. In other words, equality does not mean that people lose their motivation to succeed, or that they are not allowed to fail. On the contrary, I believe that most people would feel more motivated to work hard and reach their potential if they thought that they lived in a fair society. Those who did not make the same effort would know that they had wasted their opportunity. Inequality, on the other hand, would be more likely to demotivate people because they would know that the odds of success were stacked in favour of those from privileged backgrounds.
In conclusion, it seems to me that there is a positive relationship between equality and personal success.
The map shows the growth of a village called Chorleywood between 1868 and 1994.
It is clear that the village grew as the transport infrastructure was improved. Four periods of development are shown on the map, and each of the populated areas is near to the main roads, the railway or the motorway.
From 1868 to 1883, Chorleywood covered a small area next to one of the main roads. Chorleywood Park and Golf Course is now located next to this original village area. The village grew along the main road to the south between 1883 and 1922, and in 1909 a railway line was built crossing this area from west to east. Chorleywood station is in this part of the village.
The expansion of Chorleywood continued to the east and west alongside the railway line until 1970. At that time, a motorway was built to the east of the village, and from 1970 to 1994, further development of the village took place around motorway intersections with the railway and one of the main roads.
I am writing to seek accommodation in the Snowy Mountains for agroup of students from Perth.
We expect to be the Snowy Mountains between June 1 and June 12. There are fourteen people in our group, five men and seven women, and a married couple. The five men will accept dormitory accommodation,and the women are happy to share rooms, but the married couple would like a double room. We hope to keep our expenses as low as possible.
Please tellme about recreational services in the area. The group will bring their own boots for bushwalking, but we are hoping to hire equipment for other sports, likes kiing. Some of our group will want to hire geological picks and other equipment, if possible. We also need to know about access to caves and other interesting geological features in the area.
I am looking forward toreceiving information about the Student Hostel Services and other facilities.
雅思考试历年真题 2
Reading Passage 1
Title: The Role of Technology in Environmental Protection
Questions 1-5:
True/False/Not Given
Read the passage and answer the questions below. Write TRUE if the statement is true according to the passage, FALSE if it is false, and NOT GIVEN if there is no information on this in the passage.
Technological advancements have significantly reduced global carbon emissions over the past decade.
（）TRUE
（）FALSE
（）NOT GIVEN
Renewable energy sources, such as solar and wind power, are now cheaper to produce than fossil fuels.
（）TRUE
（）FALSE
（）NOT GIVEN
The use of electric vehicles has led to a complete elimination of air pollution in urban areas.
（）TRUE
（）FALSE
（）NOT GIVEN
The development of smart grids is helping to optimize energy use in many countries.
（）TRUE
（）FALSE
（）NOT GIVEN
All countries have set targets to achieve carbon neutrality by 2050.
（）TRUE
（）FALSE
（）NOT GIVEN
Questions 6-10:
Summary, Complete the sentences
Complete each sentence with one or two words from the passage.
According to the passage, the main challenge facing the adoption of renewable energy is its ____________.
One way in which technology is helping to reduce waste is through the use of ____________ materials.
The use of ____________ technology has greatly improved the efficiency of water treatment processes.
It is argued that ____________ can play a crucial role in educating the public about environmental issues.
The article mentions that while individual efforts are important, ____________ action is necessary to tackle climate change effectively.
.22雅思考试真题 3
听力部分
2020年08月22日雅思听力考题回忆
SectionOne
场景：对话
题型：填空题10
内容概述: 海岛酒店预订
1.Address: 61/71. kviua
2.March
3.Australian
4.station
5.restaurant
6、 120
7.sea view
8、 bathroom
9、 birds10. helicopter
SectionTwo
场景：独白
题型：单选题+多选题
内容概述：如何选择一个合适的建筑公司
surprised thing when she begins her investigation?选range of reason obtaining estimate?C13.why can’t use the same way?C14.small company如果做如何给钱？C15.How long does it need to put window on roof?选one to compare price in:A17-18怎么知道公司质量选previous clients record on the website和previous work done for clients19-20 What should we do if we are not satisfied with project?BD
SectionThree
场景：对话
题型：选择题
内容概述：语言课程
correcting homeworkrefer to reference material if necessarywide age rangeflexiblerelatively confidentlocate yourself properlyanswer students’questions quicklyrelate to students’personal information
SectionFour
场景：学术
题型：选择题+填空题
内容概述: 早期北美移民的饮食
31
阅读部分
2020年08月22日雅思阅读考题回忆
PassageOne
题目：街头足球
题型：待补充
PassageTwo
题目：火车轨道的发展
题型：待补充
PassageThree
题目：关于大脑研究的书籍
题型：待补充
写作部分
2020年08月22日雅思写作考题回忆
小作文
两个饼图
大作文
The key to solving environmental problem is simple：present generation are willing to accept a less comfortable life for the sake of the future generation. To what extent do you agree or disagree?
口语部分
▋独立口语：
Task1：A company introduced a new policy that employees will have more free time to relax and do other activities on workdays. Do you agree or disagree with this policy? Why or why not?（员工要不要有社交和非工作活动，是否有益于效率提升？）
▋综合口语
Task2:
学生公开信表示学校应该改变学校宿舍的价格。
阅读：旧的宿舍应该更便宜，新的宿舍可以贵一点。原因1：新旧价格一样不公平；原因2：可以帮助一部分学生省钱；
听力：不同意，旧宿舍也有很多好处。原因1：旧宿舍离教学楼图书馆更近；原因2：省钱可以从别的方面入手；
Task3：术语解释：photoperiodic response，光周期反应，植物会对环境作出反应。例子：做了一个实验，把树放在daylight时间长的地方它会hydrate，但是如果daylight太短就会自己排出水分以保持正常生长。
Task 4将废弃工厂regeneration的好处。好处1：带动周边经济；好处2：改善环境；
雅思考试历年真题 4
1. The failure of a high-profile cholesterol drug has thrown a spotlight on the complicated machinery that regulates cholesterol levels. But many researchers remain confident that drugs to boost levels of ’good’ cholesterol are still one of the most promising means to combat spiralling heart disease.
2. Drug company Pfizer announced on 2 December that it was cancelling all clinical trials of torcetrapib， a drug designed to raise heart-protective high-density lipoproteins (HDLs)。 In a trial of 15000 patients， a safety board found that more people died or suffered cardiovascular problems after taking the drug plus a cholesterol-lowering statin than those in a control group who took the statin alone.
3. The news came as a kick in the teeth to many cardiologists because earlier tests in animals and people suggested it would lower rates of cardiovascular disease. There have been no red flags to my knowledge， says John Chapman， a specialist in lipoproteins and atherosclerosis at the National Institute for Health and Medical Research (INSERM) in Paris who has also studied torcetrapib. This cancellation came as a complete shock.
4. Torcetrapib is one of the most advanced of a new breed of drugs designed to raise levels of HDLs， which ferry cholesterol out of artery-clogging plaques to the liver for removal from the body. Specifically， torcetrapib blocks a protein called cholesterol ester transfer protein (CETP)， which normally transfers the cholesterol from high-density lipoproteins to low density， plaque-promoting ones. Statins， in contrast， mainly work by lowering the ’bad’ low-density lipoproteins.
Under pressure
5. Researchers are now trying to work out why and how the drug backfired， something that will not become clear until the clinical details are released by Pfizer. One hint lies in evidence from earlier trials that it slightly raises blood pressure in some patients. It was thought that this mild problem would be offset by the heart benefits of the drug. But it is possible that it actually proved fatal in some patients who already suffered high blood pressure. If blood pressure is the explanation， it would actually be good news for drug developers because it suggests that the problems are specific to this compound. Other prototype drugs that are being developed to block CETP work in a slightly different way and might not suffer the same downfall.
6. But it is also possible that the whole idea of blocking CETP is flawed， says Moti Kashyap， who directs atherosclerosis research at the VA Medical Center in Long Beach， California. When HDLs excrete cholesterol in the liver， they actually rely on LDLs for part of this process. So inhibiting CETP， which prevents the transfer of cholesterol from HDL to LDL， might actually cause an abnormal and irreversible accumulation of cholesterol in the body. You’re blocking a physiologic mechanism to eliminate cholesterol and effectively constipating the pathway， says Kashyap.
Going up
7. Most researchers remain confident that elevating high density lipoproteins levels by one means or another is one of the best routes for helping heart disease patients. But HDLs are complex and not entirely understood. One approved drug， called niacin， is known to both raise HDL and reduce cardiovascular risk but also causes an unpleasant sensation of heat and tingling. Researchers are exploring whether they can bypass this side effect and whether niacin can lower disease risk more than statins alone. Scientists are also working on several other means to bump up high-density lipoproteins by， for example， introducing synthetic HDLs. The only thing we know is dead in the water is torcetrapib， not the whole idea of raising HDL， says Michael Miller， director of preventive cardiology at the University of Maryland Medical Center， Baltimore.
(613 words nature)
Questions 1-7
This passage has 7 paragraphs 1-7.
Choose the correct heading for each paragraph from the list of headings below.
Write the correct number i-ix in boxes 1-7 on your answer sheet.
List of Headings
i. How does torcetrapib work?
ii. Contradictory result prior to the current trial
iii. One failure may possibly bring about future success
iv. The failure doesn’t lead to total loss of confidence
v. It is the right route to follow
vi. Why it’s stopped
vii. They may combine and theoretically produce ideal result
viii. What’s wrong with the drug
ix. It might be wrong at the first place
Example answer
Paragraph 1 iv
1. Paragraph 2
2. Paragraph 3
3. Paragraph 4
4. Paragraph 5
5. Paragraph 6
6. Paragraph 7
Questions 7-13
Match torcetrapib，HDLs，statin and CETP with their functions (Questions 8-13)。
Write the correct letter A， B， C or D in boxes 8-13 on your answer sheet.
NB You may use any letter more than once.
7.It has been administered to over 10，000 subjects in a clinical trial.
8.It could help rid human body of cholesterol.
9.Researchers are yet to find more about it.
10. It was used to reduce the level of cholesterol.
11. According to Kashyap， it might lead to unwanted result if it’s blocked.
12. It produced contradictory results in different trials.
13. It could inhibit LDLs.
List of choices
A. Torcetrapic
B. HDLS
C. Statin
D. CETP
(by Zhou Hong)
Suggested Answers and Explanations
1. vi
2. ii
3. vii 本段介绍了torcetrapib和statin的治病原理，但是同时短语in contrast与之前第二段后半段的内容呼应，暗示了这两种药在理论上能相辅相成，是理想的搭配。第一个选项无法涵盖整段意义，故选择i是错误的。
4. iii 本段分析了可能导致torcetrapibl临床试验失败的。原因，后半段指出如果以上推测正确，那么未来的药物可借鉴这个试验，设法避免torcetrapib的缺陷，研制出有效的药物。viii选项无法涵盖后半段的意思。
5. ix 见首句。
6. v
7. A 见第二段。题目中administer一词意为用药，subject一词为实验对象之意。
8. B 见第四段… to raise levels of HDLs， which ferry cholesterol out of artery- clogging plaques to the liver for removal from the body.即HDLs的作用最终是将 choleserol清除出人体：… for removal from the body.
9. B 见第四段But HDLs are complex and not entirely understood.
10. C 见第二段… plus a cholesterol-lowering statin，即statin是可以降低cholesterol的。
11. D 见第六段 So inhibiting CETP， … might actually cause an abnormal and irreversible accumulation of cholesterol in the body.
12. A 见第三段。
13. C 见第四段Statins， in contrast， mainly work by lowering the ’bad’ low-density lipoproteins.
雅思考试真题 5
Birthdays often involve surprises. But this year’s surprise on the birthday of the great British playwright William Shakespeare is surely one of the most dramatic.
On April 22, one day before his 441st birthday anniversary, experts discovered that one of the most recognizable portraits of William Shakespeare is a fake. This means that we no longer have a good idea of what Shakespeare looked like. "It’s very possible that many pictures of Shakespeare might be unreliable because many of them are copies of this one," said an expert from Britain’s National Portrait Gallery.
The discovery comes after four months of testing using X-rays, ultraviolet light, microphotography and paint samples. The experts from the gallery say the image—commonly known as the “Flower portrait” —was actually painted in the 1800s, about two centuries after Shakespeare’s death. The art experts who work at the gallery say they also used modern chemistry technology to check the paint on the picture. These checks found traces of paint dating from about 1814. Shakespeare died in 1616, and the date that appears on the portrait is 1609.
“We now think the portrait dates back to around 1818 to 1840. This was when there was a renewed interest in Shakespeare’s plays,” Tarnya Cooper, the gallery’s curator(馆长), told the Associated President.
The fake picture has often been used as a cover for collections of his plays. It is called the Flower portrait because one of its owners, Desmond Flower, gave it to the Royal Shakespeare Company.
“There have always been questions about the painting,” said David Howells, curator for the Royal Shakespeare Company. “Now we know the truth, we can put the image in its proper place in the history of Shakespearean portraiture.”
Two other images of Shakespeare, are also being studied as part of the investigation(调查) and the results will come out later this month.
______________________________________________________________.
1. Why this year’s surprise on the birthday of Shakespeare is dramatic?
_______________________________________________________________________________
2. Now we know what Shakespeare looked like. (T/F)
3. “Flower portrait” was actually painted using X-rays, ultraviolet light, microphotography and paint samples. (T/F)
4. In histor
y, many people doubted the painting. (T/F)
5.Which is the best sentence to fill in the blank in the last paragraph?
A.Soon we’ll know which portrait is reliable.
B.Maybe we cannot find a real portrait of Shakespeare.
C.If the two portraits are found to be false, they will test more.
D.For now what Shakespeare really looked like will remain a mystery.
1.The Flower portrait has been found to be a fake.
2. F
3. F
4. T
5. D
雅思考试历年真题 6
1. You are an university student who are living in the accommodation at the campus. One day you find something wrong with your accommodation. So you write a letter to the House Officer to tell them what happened, the reason you think, what you decide to do, and whether if it is right.
2. It is wrong that our government pay more money to the artist projects, for instance, there are more and more paintings and sculptures appearing at the public places, because there are more important thing to do. What‘s you opinion? Do you agree or disagree with it?
3. writing to an English speaking college about qualification, accommodation, fee, what courses do you want to choose and why.
4. Participating in a sport is as important for psychological health as it is for physical condition and social development.
5. You have left college. But you didn‘t say goodbye to your friend who live in the room with you because he had a course at that time. Write a letter to him to appology and tell hem how you spend that days before you leave and how you get home. Then invite him to visit you.
6. Some people say the parents should except school to conduct their children‘s behavior and tell them what is ‘right‘ or ‘wrong‘. Others say schools should take this responsibility. Please give your point about it.
7. Write to the agency officer and complain about the rent car which has sth wrong. Tell them the problems of the car you rent from the agency and your requiring.
8. As the developing countries and the third world countries, there are a funds, how to use it? Invest in the basic education or in the high-technology, for instance, computer? What‘s your opinion?
9. You are a foreign student. Write to the Student Union, introduce your hobbies and interests and ask information of clubs and societies. You want to join a club or society enjoy your time when you study there.
10. Fast food is developing more and more popular. It replaces other traditional food. Some people think it is good, some people disagree with it. What‘s your opinion about it. Give some reason of your opinion.
11. A friend will visit Beijing. You will meet him at airport. But for some reason, you have to be late. Explain the reason. Since you haven‘t meet each other, tell the friend where you will meet and how to recognize each other.
12. More and more children‘s writing & math ability are affected by computers and calculators. We should limit the use of those tools. Disagree or agree.
雅思考试历年真题 7
I’m going to tell you about the the last time I visited the National Gallery in London – I guess that counts as a tourist attraction – it’s certainly always really busy and there are any number of tourists there – It’s popular I suppose because it’s completely free and that’s slightly unusual for a major art gallery nowadays – If you compare it with The Louvre in Paris for example that’s really pricey and you normally have to queue for hours at a time – The National Gallery is different not just because it’s free but you can walk right in without waiting.
I go there quite a lot – in fact I try to go and visit it whenever I’m in London – I’m fascinated by art and art history and I just like to wander around and look at all the masterpieces that are on display there -Typically I go for about an hour or so only because I lose concentration after a time.
Well – the last I went there was sometime in December – just before Christmas I think – there was certainly a Christmas tree in Trafalgar Square just outside – I was in London to do some shopping and I decided to pop into the National to see if there was a new exhibition on – There wasn’t but I did see that there was a sensational Veronese exhibition planned for April this year – So I what I did was just spend my time looking at some of Turner’s watercolours.
Did I enjoy it? Certainly – the National is one place I’ll never tire of and I’m sure that I will keep on going back there. It’s for me – sort of – one of the greatest art galleries in the world and I think it’s thaat’s why it’s such a popular tourist attraction.
.22雅思考试真题答案参考 8
雅思听力部分
Part 1 旅游预定
题型：填空（题目似乎有更改，欢迎大家留言补充）
1-10 填空
1、 address: 71 KVIUA
2、 two weeks in March
3、 nationalities: Canadian and Australian, 7 persons in total
4、 do not ask for kitchen
5、 need restaurant
6、 maximum price: 120 dollars
7、 希望房间有good sea view
8、 do not mind the shared bathroom
9、 guests can watch the birds
10、 special requirement: the helicopter trip
Part 2 咨询建筑公司
题型：单选+多选（题目似乎有更改，欢迎大家留言补充）
11-16 单选
11、 why does she choose this topic
C. she wants to choose a building with better quality
12、 how long does it need to put a window on the roof
B. a day
13、 what surprised her most during the research
C. range of price is wide
14、 why there is difference in price
C. because the calculating method is different
15、 小的建筑公司怎么付钱？
A. need to pay a deposit before the project started
16、 need to compare price in
A. radio’s website
17-20 多选
17-18. how can we know the quality of building?
A. 去看之前建过的房子
C. 同之前的客户联系
19-20. 如果房子有问题，应当如何解决呢？
C. ask the builder to redo the work
E. report to the regulators
Part 3讲实习教师的教学经历回忆
关键词：单选和匹配
答案（选项）：
correcting homework
refer to reference material if necessary
wide age range
flexible
relatively confident
locate yourself properly
answer students’ questions quickly
relate to students’ personal informatio
Part 4 食物文化
题型：填空
31-40 填空
31、 in winter, the food is scare
32、 hunting and making clothes with tools
33、 some animals can not be hunted as food, e.g. whales
34、 women collect fruits to make soup
35、 early people use fish waste as fertilizer
36、 thanks-giving ceremony to God for offering food
37、 drink water and believe milk was no healthy
38、 food shortage happens especially lack of sugar
39、 different types of food were brought in by ships
40、 exchange food for furs with aborigines
雅思阅读部分
PASSAGE 1轨道交通的发展历程比较德国和日本高铁
PASSAGE 2 街头足球和青训足球对比
难易度：一般
题型：匹配+填空待补充
PASSAGE 3介绍书籍 头脑地图
难易度：一般
题型：匹配+选择
38、 yes
39、 no
40、 yes
41、 yes
42、 no
43、 yes
44、 no
45、 待定
46、 give example to the parents
47、 relate other things around us
雅思写作部分
小作文
类型：两个饼图题目：不同学位和专业人选择engineering company工作的比例，比较1980年和2008年
大作文
雅思考试历年真题 9
Environmental protection is no doubt a major issue confronting the modern society with the development of new technologies and the explosion of world population. While the issue is certainly relevant to each individual citizen and all the companies, some people contend that only the government should be concerned about protecting the environment. I concede that the government should lead the efforts in addressing the environmental problems. Nevertheless, cooperation and participation from the corporations and individual citizens are essential as well.
There is no doubt that the government is the agency that should play the leading roles in solving the environmental problems. To begin with, with the power to collect taxes from individual citizens and private companies, the government have the financial resources that are necessary to deal with environmental issues. In addition, the government may formulate policies to provide incentives for the companies and individuals to reduce the amount of pollution caused by their activities. Finally, the government is the only institution that may enact laws related to environmental problems. s.
On the other hand, without the cooperation and participation of individual citizens and private companies, the governments efforts to protect the environment would not be effective. For example, the government may launch a campaign to educate the public about the desirability of driving compact cars for reducing the air pollution. The campaign would make little difference if the individuals pay little attention to the information or do not care about the environment at all. Nor would the governments goal be achieved if the car manufacturers do not produce more compact cars for the market. In other words, the government alone cannot solve the problem of environment. It takes the collaborative efforts from individual and corporate citizens to improve the situation. on.
In conclusion, I agree that the government should take the responsibility to lead the society in addressing the problems of environmental pollution as it has the power and resources necessary to do so. Nonetheless, individual citizens and private companies have to be engaged if the government is to accomplish anything.
雅思考试历年真题 10
There is no doubt that traffic and pollution from vehicles have become huge problems, both in cities and on motorways everywhere. Solving these problems is likely to need more than a simple rise in the price of petrol.
While it is undeniable that private car use is one of the main causes of the increase in traffic and pollution, higher fuel costs are unlikely to limit the number of drivers for long. As this policy would also affect the cost of public transport, it would be very unpopular with everyone who needs to travel on the roads. But there are various other measures that could be implemented that would have a huge effect on these problems.
I think to tackle the problem of pollution, cleaner fuels need to be developed, The technology is already available to produce electric cars that would be both quieter and cleaner to use. Persuading manufacturers and travellers to adopt this new technology would be a more effective strategy for improving air quality, especially in cities.
However, traffic congestion will not be solved by changing the type of private vehicle people can use. To do this, we need to improve the choice of public transport services available to travellers. For example, if sufficient sky trains and underground train systems were built and effectively maintained in our major cities, then traffic on the roads would be dramatically reduced. Long-distance train and coach services should be made attractive and affordable alternatives to driving your own car for long journeys.
In conclusion, I think that long-term traffic and pollution reductions would depend on educating the public to use public transport more, and on governments using public money to construct and run efficient systems.
As a matter of fact, such practice can bring more benefits in various aspects, especially in economic growth. For one thing, as the newly-tapped energy can directly alleviate the energy shortage, which will to some extent guarantee a country’s industrialisation a promising prospect, both economic and technology development will be spurred, offering better prerequisites to resolving environment crisis by exploring new alternatives. In contrast, the lack of feasible approaches to energy scarcity will undoubtedly bring both economic growth and technology advancement to a standstill.// For another, the locals in remote areas can also be benefitted, as such a policy must provide them with more job opportunities, by which their life quality will be bettered.
2020年8月22日雅思写作解析 11
Task 1: pie charts （动态）1980年和2000年一个公司招收员工的学历变化。
Task 2: The key to solving environmental problems is simple: present generations must have a less comfortable life for the sake of future generation. To what extent do you agree or disagree?
题目中关键must 是比较绝对的，所以这个题目推荐写不同意会更好写。另外， key也是一个关键的地方。
参考提纲: 只是可能的答案中的一种
Introduction: 我不同意 （不是必须的，也不是解决问题的关键）
Body-1: 不可否认，降低现代人生活的舒适度的确可以减少对环境的影响。-减少家用电器的使用，出行时少开私家车，多走路，骑自行车或公共交通，减少出行，节约用水等等都能减少对能源的使用和减少污染物的排放，有助于环境问题的解决。但是，这不是必须的，也不是解决环境问题的关键。
Body-2: 开发和使用清洁能源会是一个更好的办法。 比如太阳能，风能，核能和水电，从而减少对化石燃料的使用。同时说服工厂和消费者使用清洁能源，比如生产和购买电动汽车。这不会降低人们生活的舒适度，同时还能保护环境。 Body-3:另一个更好的办法是增加对资源的重复利用。公司的产品设计，应以容易维修、零件可再利用、有效回收珍贵资源等为产品研发重点，并尽量减少使用全新开采的原料。在物品使用方面，尽量减少不必要的使用物品(reduce)，尽量再次使用物品(reuse)，当物品的生命周期结束后，对物品进行循环再造(recycle)。这样，人们可以享受舒适的生活，同时减少对环境的影响。 In Conclusion, 解决环境问题并不一定需要牺牲现代人的生活舒适度。使用清洁能源，增加对资源的重复利用是更有好的解决环境问题的办法。
雅思考试历年真题 12
It is said that countries are becoming similar to each other because of the global spread of the same products, which are now available for purchase almost anywhere. I strongly believe that this modern development is largely detrimental to culture and traditions worldwide.
A country’s history, language and ethos are all inextricably bound up in its manufactured artefacts. If the relentless advance of international brands into every corner of the world continues, these bland packages might one day completely oust the traditional objects of a nation, which would be a loss of richness and diversity in the world, as well as the sad disappearance of the manifestations of a place’s character. What would a Japanese tea ceremony be without its specially crafted teapot, or a Fijian kava ritual without its bowl made from a certain type of tree bark?
Let us not forget either that traditional products, whether these be medicines, cosmetics, toy, clothes, utensils or food, provide employment for local people. The spread of multinational products can often bring in its wake a loss of jobs, as people urn to buying the new brand, perhaps thinking it more glamorous than the one they are used to. This eventually puts old-school craftspeople out of work.
Finally, tourism numbers may also be affected, as travelers become disillusioned with finding every place just the same as the one they visited previously. To see the same products in shops the world over is boring, and does not impel visitors to open their wallets in the same way that trinkets or souvenirs unique to the particular area too.
Some may argue that all people are entitled to have access to the same products, but I say that local objects suit local conditions best, and that faceless uniformity worldwide is an unwelcome and dreary prospect.
雅思考试历年真题 13
一次失误
Describe a mistake that you once made before
you should say:
what this mistake is
when you made this mistake
what the results of this mistake were
and explain what you learned from this mistake
愉快的购物经历
Describe a happy shopping experience
you should say:
when and where this happend
what you bought at that time ( what this thing was )
what this thing is used for
and explain why it was a happy experience
有意思的公共场所
Describe an interesting public place you went before
you should say:
where this place was
when you went there
what you did and saw in this place
and explain why you think this place is very interesting
雅思考试真题 14
A.
Neoclassical economics is built on the assumption that humans are rational beings who have a clear idea of their best interests and strive to extract maximum benefit (or utility， in economist-speak) from any situation. Neoclassical economics assumes that the process of decision-making is rational. But that contradicts growing evidence that decision-making draws on the emotions—even when reason is clearly involved.
B.
The role of emotions in decisions makes perfect sense. For situations met frequently in the past， such as obtaining food and mates， and confronting or fleeing from threats， the neural mechanisms required to weigh up the pros and cons will have been honed by evolution to produce an optimal outcome. Since emotion is the mechanism by which animals are prodded towards such outcomes， evolutionary and economic theory predict the same practical consequences for utility in these cases. But does this still apply when the ancestral machinery has to respond to the stimuli of urban modernity?
C.
One of the people who thinks that it does not is George Loewenstein， an economist at Carnegie Mellon University， in Pittsburgh. In particular， he suspects that modern shopping has subverted the decision-making machinery in a way that encourages people to run up debt. To prove the point he has teamed up with two psychologists， Brian Knutson of Stanford University and Drazen Prelec of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology， to look at what happens in the brain when it is deciding what to buy.
D.
In a study， the three researchers asked 26 volunteers to decide whether to buy a series of products such as a box of chocolates or a DVD of the television show that were flashed on a computer screen one after another. In each round of the task， the researchers first presented the product and then its price， with each step lasting four seconds. In the final stage， which also lasted four seconds， they asked the volunteers to make up their minds. While the volunteers were taking part in the experiment， the researchers scanned their brains using a technique called functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI)。 This measures blood flow and oxygen consumption in the brain， as an indication of its activity.
E.
The researchers found that different parts of the brain were involved at different stages of the test. The nucleus accumbens was the most active part when a product was being displayed. Moreover， the level of its activity correlated with the reported desirability of the product in question.
F.
When the price appeared， however， fMRI reported more activity in other parts of the brain. Excessively high prices increased activity in the insular cortex， a brain region linked to expectations of pain， monetary loss and the viewing of upsetting pictures. The researchers also found greater activity in this region of the brain when the subject decided not to purchase an item.
G.
Price information activated the medial prefrontal cortex， too. This part of the brain is involved in rational calculation. In the experiment its activity seemed to correlate with a volunteer’s reaction to both product and price， rather than to price alone. Thus， the sense of a good bargain evoked higher activity levels in the medial prefrontal cortex， and this often preceded a decision to buy.
H.
People’s shopping behaviour therefore seems to have piggy-backed on old neural circuits evolved for anticipation of reward and the avoidance of hazards. What Dr Loewenstein found interesting was the separation of the assessment of the product (which seems to be associated with the nucleus accumbens) from the assessment of its price (associated with the insular cortex)， even though the two are then synthesised in the prefrontal cortex. His hypothesis is that rather than weighing the present good against future alternatives， as orthodox economics suggests happens， people actually balance the immediate pleasure of the prospective possession of a product with the immediate pain of paying for it.
I.
That makes perfect sense as an evolved mechanism for trading. If one useful object is being traded for another (hard cash in modern time)， the future utility of what is being given up is embedded in the object being traded. Emotion is as capable of assigning such a value as reason. Buying on credit， though， may be different. The abstract nature of credit cards， coupled with the deferment of payment that they promise， may modulate the con side of the calculation in favour of the pro。
J.
Whether it actually does so will be the subject of further experiments that the three researchers are now designing. These will test whether people with distinctly different spending behaviour， such as miserliness and extravagance， experience different amounts of pain in response to prices. They will also assess whether， in the same individuals， buying with credit cards eases the pain compared with paying by cash. If they find that it does， then credit cards may have to join the list of things such as fatty and sugary foods， and recreational drugs， that subvert human instincts in ways that seem pleasurable at the time but can have a long and malign aftertaste.
Questions 1-6
Do the following statemets reflect the claims of the writer in Reading Passage 1?
Write your answer in Boxes 1-6 on your answer sheet.
TRUE if the statement reflets the claims of the writer
FALSE if the statement contradicts the claims of the writer
NOT GIVEN if it is possbile to say what the writer thinks about this
1. The belief of neoclassical economics does not accord with the increasing evidence that humans make use of the emotions to make decisions.
2. Animals are urged by emotion to strive for an optimal outcomes or extract maximum utility from any situation.
3. George Loewenstein thinks that modern ways of shopping tend to allow people to accumulate their debts.
4. The more active the nucleus accumens was， the stronger the desire of people for the product in question became.
5. The prefrontal cortex of the human brain is linked to monetary loss and the viewing of upsetting pictures.
6. When the activity in nucleus accumbens was increased by the sense of a good bargain， people tended to purchase coffee.
Questions 7-9
Choose the appropriate letters A-D and write them in boxes 7-9 on your answe sheet.
7. Which of the following statements about orthodox economics is true?
A. The process which people make their decisions is rational.
B. People have a clear idea of their best interests in any situation.
C. Humans make judgement on the basis of reason rather then emotion.
D. People weigh the present good against future alternatives in shopping.
8. The word miserliness in line 3 of Paragraph J means__________.
A. people’s behavior of buying luxurious goods
B. people’s behavior of buying very special items
C. people’s behavior of being very mean in shopping
D. people’s behavior of being very generous in shopping
9. The three researchers are now designing the future experiments， which test
A. whether people with very different spending behaviour experience different amounts of pain in response to products.
B. whether buying an item with credit cards eases the pain of the same individuals compared with paying for it by cash.
C. whether the abstract nature of credit cards may modulate the con side of the calculation in favour of the pro。
D. whether the credit cards may subvert human instincts in ways that seem pleasurable but with a terrible effect.
Questions 10-13
Complete the notes below.
Choose NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS from Reading Passage 1 for each answer.
Write your answers in boxes 10-13 on your answer sheet.
To find what happens in the brain of humans when it is deciding things to buy， George Loewenstein and his co-researchers did an experiment by using the technique of fMRI. They found that different parts of the brain were invloved in the process. The activity in …10… was greatly increased with the displaying of certain product. The great activity was found in the insular cortex when …11…and the subject decided not to buy a product. The activity of the medial prefrontal cortex seemed to associate with both …12…informaiton. What interested Dr Loewenstein was the …13… of the assessment of the product and its price in different parts of the brain.
Part II
Notes to Reading Passage 1
1. the nucleus accumbens， the insular cortex， and the medial prefrontal cortex：
大脑的不同部位 (皮层，皮质等)
e.g. cerebellar cortex 小脑皮层cerebral cortex 大脑皮层
2. hone：
珩磨，磨快，磨练，训练使。更完美或有效。
3. subvert：
毁灭，破坏；摧毁：
4. piggyback：
骑在肩上；在肩上骑
5. deferment：
推迟、延迟、分期付款
6. aftertaste：
余味，回味事情或经历结束后的'感觉，特指令人不快的感觉
Part III
Keys and explanations to the Questions 1-13
1. TRUE
See the second and third sentence in Paragraph A Neoclassical economics assumes that the process of decision-making is rational. But that contradicts growing evidence that decision-making draws on the emotions—even when reason is clearly involved.
2. TRUE
See the third sentence in Paragrph B Since emotion is the mechanism by which animals are prodded towards such outcomes， evolutionary and economic theory predict the same practical consequences for utility in these cases.
3. FALSE
See the second sentence in Paragrph C In particular， he suspects that modern shopping has subverted the decision-making machinery in a way that encourages people to run up debt.
4. TRUE
See the last sentence in Paragrph E Moreover， the level of its activity correlated with the reported desirability of the product in question.
5. FALSE
See the second sentence in Paragrph F and G respectively Excessively high prices increased activity in the insular cortex， a brain region linked to expectations of pain， monetary loss and the view
雅思考试历年真题 15
Happiness is considered very important in life. Why is it difficult to define? What factors are important in achieving happiness?
lt is no doubt true that the majority of people would like tobe happy in their the personal nature of happiness makes it difficult to describe, there do seem to besome common needs that we all share with regard to experiencing or achieving happiness..
Happiness is difficult to define because it means something different to each individual person. Nobody can fully understand or experience another persons feelings, and we all have our own particular passions from which we take pleasure. Some people, for example, derive a sense of satisfaction from earning money or achieving success,whereas for others, health and family are much more important. At the same time, a range of other feelings, from excitement to peacefulness, may be associated with the idea of happiness, and the same person may therefore feel happy in a variety of different ways.
Although it seems almost impossible to give a precise definition of happiness, most people would agree that there are some basic preconditions to achieving it. Firstly, it is hardfor a person to be happy if he or she does not have a safe place to live and enough food to eat. Our basic survival needs must surely be met before we can lead a pleasant , the greatest joy in life is usually found in shared experiences with family and friends, and it is rare to find a person who is content to live in complete isolation. Other key factors could be individual freedom and a sense of purpose in life.
ln conclusion, happiness is difficult to define because it is particular to each individual, but l believe that our basic needs for shelter, food and company need to be fulfilled before we can experience it.
雅思考试真题 16
Sample answer：
Traditionally, toddlers are raised by their relatives such as grandparents in most countries. However, daycare centers have gained a growing popularity among working parents in recent years. From my point of view, attending a childcare center has more benefits.
One obvious argument in favor of daycare centers is that it provides children with the professional childhood education. This is because a good daycare centre is normally equipped with well-trained staff who can impart different skills, such as singing, dancing, painting and storytelling, to children through a variety of activities during the day. In addition to the well-organised, structured projects, toddlers are provided with more opportunities to socialize with other peers, which helps them gain confidence and self-consicousness. However, these opportunities are rare to achieve if they are watched over by grandparents.
Opponents feel that a relative care is as effective as children center. The reason for this is that taking care of a child is never an easy task, as children need constant love and attention. In fact, due to the limited number of caregivers, children are less likely to get the one-on-one care. By contrast, relatives, grandparents in particular, have sufficient time to take care of their beloved grandchildren, which also contributes to the family bond.
I personally believe that no child can become an active and valuable member of any society without intercommunicating with other peers. Therefore, although there are conniving arguments for a relative care, it is better to send them into daycare centers in the childhood period.
雅思考试历年真题 17
Part1
Leisure Time (or, Days of the Week)
1. Which is your favourite day of the week?
2. How many days off do you have every week?
3. Do you usually have days off together or are they separated (by
work/attendance at class)?
4. How do you like to relax? (Whats your favourite way to relax?)
5. Do you have any hobbies or interests?
这道题我们可以介绍一些平时消遣娱乐的活动，但是要记住尽量不要选择千篇一律的答案，比如玩电脑游戏，或是看电视剧这类比较不容易给考官留下印象的话题。鼓励考试选择一些比较具体，并且能提供细节的答案，比如选择健身的话题可以谈谈会做哪些运动以及为什么，自己的目标是什么以及现阶段自己的练习成果怎么样，对自己的兴趣表现出想要谈的欲望才会比较真实。
Part2
Describe a long car journey you went on.
You should say:
where you went
what you did at this place
who you went there with
and explain why you went on that journey by car.
这道题是典型的`事件题。其实长途自驾游比较符合现在大多数考试的`情况，因为首先自驾游不需要花费太多天数，你完全可以自己安排时间以及行程，不同于去国外旅行至少要十天半个月。而现在考生大多没有那么充裕的时间来分配到旅行中。另外，如果生活在北京，在天气以及空气质量比较好的时候出行也是一个不错的选择，因为北京周边有很多好玩的地方，也可以和朋友一起住在农家乐体验农村生活，让人在紧张的学习压力下得到释放。
go round 足够分配
vulnerable 易受伤的
timely 及时的
convention 会议
jumble 混乱
get down to business 着手干正事
preach 传教
Part3
1.Why do people like to have private cars?
2.What are the differences between bicycles and private cars?
3.How to buy private cars in China?
4.Is it a good thing that everyone has their own cars?
5.Are many families that own private cars in China?
6.What will cars be like in the future?
7.Whats the difference between men and womens preference on cars?
这道题我们可以从男人和女人买车各自的角度来分析讨论。首先，女性买车一般是为了方便生活，比如开车上下班或是出行更加自在舒适些，所以女性买车时一来看重的是车内部的空间以及便利性，另外女性更追求车身的美观度，对于颜色也有自己的喜好，并不是很在意车本身的性能。而男性一般对车子都比较了解，想要买最新的或是技术领先的车子，对于发动机或是车子的性能更为重视，对他们来讲车不只是坐骑，也是身份品味的象征。
2020年8月22日雅思写作解析 18
最近雅思是一周两到三场，预测不容易，出卷子也不容易。
导致老题频繁出现，也导致海外的题目大量出现在中国大陆。今天的题目就是海外雅思考试之前考过的一道环境类题目。
大家一定要弄懂雅思大作文的核心答题思路，如果题目问To what extent do you agree or disagree?
那么只要在一段主体段里回答同意和为什么同意，或者不同意以及为什么不同意，原则上就完成了任务回应。那么另一个主体段就相对比较灵活了。
比如今天的这道题目，改善环境就是目前一代人生活差一点这个说法对改善环境有没有帮助呢？明显是有的，低碳的生活方式就是在减少物质享受，更多使用simple way of life，减少对环境的消耗和排放。所以第一段可以是同意，并解释这么做的作用。
第二段就可以写其实也不必，因为保护环境目前有多种办法，可以依靠科技，这样就不用让生活质量降低。总结可以是两者结合，开源节流。
本场大陆小作文饼图
大作文是环境类，整体难度不大